Metal blades have played a crucial role in human history, serving as essential tools for various purposes. Let’s explore their fascinating journey from ancient origins to the sophisticated craftsmanship of today.
- Early Copper Blades in China:
- As early as 2800–2000 BCE, ancient Chinese civilizations crafted bronze cones, awls, drills, and knives from copper alloys¹.
- During the late Warring States period (3rd century BCE), advancements in carburization techniques led to the production of copper blades. These included drills and saws, some of which bear resemblance to modern flat drills and saws.
- The Rapid Development of Blades in the Late 18th Century:
- The Industrial Revolution and the advent of steam engines accelerated blade technology.
- In 1783, French engineer René first manufactured milling cutters.
- In 1792, Englishman Maudslay created tap and die sets.
- The invention of twist drills was documented around 1822, although commercial production began later, in 1864.
- Materials Advancements:
- Early blades were made from high-carbon tool steel as a single piece, with cutting speeds limited to around 5 meters per minute.
- In 1868, British metallurgist Mushet developed tungsten-containing alloy tool steel.
- By 1898, high-speed tool steel emerged in the United States.
- In 1923, German engineer Schleter invented cemented carbide (hardmetal).
In summary, the evolution of metal blades reflects human ingenuity and technological progress. From ancient copper tools to today’s high-speed steel and carbide blades, these cutting instruments continue to shape our world.